English: Lineseed family.
French: Linacees.
Botany: 14 genera; ± 250 species; cosmopolitan; leaves simple; hermaphroditic, actinimorphic flowers; temperate, tropical; Eurasia, Africa, Australia, Americas.
Culture: Sleeping Beauty.
TaxonomyIn the
Apg3 classification Linaceae is a
Family in the Order
Malpighiales.
In the
Cronquist classification exist the order Linales, including
Linaceae, Hugoniaceae,
Humiriaceae,
Ixonanthaceae and
Erythroxylaceae. These Families have common characteristics. The Reveal and
Thorne classification have a similar oredr Linales, including also
Ctenolophonaceae and
Zygophyllaceae.
In the
Plant theory Linaceae is placed in Suphase 1.
Hugoniaceae,
Humiriaceae and
Ixonanthaceae are small families, that we do not have homeopathic information of. In the
Apg3 classification Hugoniaceae is included in
Linaceae and the other two Families are standing on their own in the Order
Malpighiales, not having clear links. Tentatively these families are included in
Linaceae in the
Plant theory.
Included familiesHumiriaceae: trees; neotropical; 8 genera; ± 50 species.
Genera: Duckesia, Endopleura, Humiria = Houmiria, Humiriastrum
Hylocarpa, Sacoglottis, Schistostemon, Vantanea.
Ixonanthaceae: trees; neotropical; broadleaf, evergreen; 5 genera; 30 species.
Genera: Allantospermum, Cyrillopsis, Ixonanthes, Ochthocosmus,Phyllocosmus.
BotanyTrees, shrubs, rarely herbs; branches sometimes climbing by hooks.
Leaves: simple; alternate or opposite; stipules present or absent, sometimes gland-like
Flowers: actinomorphic, hermaphrodite; sepals 4–5, free or partly united, imbricate; petals free, contorted, fugacious; stamens as many as and alternate with the petals, sometimes alternating with small staminodes; filaments connate at base; anthers introrse, 2-celled, opening lengthwise; ovary superior, 3–5-celled, cells often again partially subdivided; ovules 2 in each cell, pendulous; styles 3–5, free or partly united, with simple capitate stigmas.
Fruits: septicidal capsule.
Seeds: compressed, shining, with or without endosperm; embryo straight, cotyledons flat.
LiteratureMcDill, Joshua Robert; The
Phylogeny of Linum and
Linaceae Subfamily Linoideae, with Implications for Their Systematics; Systematic
Botany, June 2009; Doi 10.1600/036364409788606244; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235443463; 2009.
McDill, Joshua Robert; Molecular phylogenetics of
Linaceae with complete generic sampling and data from two plastid genes; Botanical Journal of the Linnean
Society, 2011, 165, 64–83; Doi 10.1600/036364409788606244; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235443463; 2011.