English: Paleognaths.
Clades:
Aves;
Animals.
TaxonomyPaleognathae are the oldest divergence within the modern bird group, Neornithes. The rest, the majority are in the
Neognathae.
OrdersStruthioniformes: ostriches.
Rheiformes: rheas.
Casuariiformes: emus and cassowaries.
Apterygiformes: kiwi.
Dinornithiformes moa.
Aepyornithiformes: elephant birds.
LiteratureCloutier, A., T.B. Sackton, P. Grayson, M. Clamp, A.J. Baker, and S.V. Edwards. 2019. Whole-genome analyses resolve the phylogeny of flightless birds (Palaeognathae) in the presence of an empirical anomaly zone. Systematic Biology 68: 937–955. doi: 10.1093/sysbio/syz019
du Toit, C.J., A. Chinsamy, and S.J. Cunningham. 2020. Cretaceous origins of the vibrotactile bill-tip organ in birds. Proceedings of the Royal
Society B 287: 20202322. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2322
Mayr, G. 2009. Paleogene Fossil Birds. Springer, Berlin. 262 pp.
Mayr, G. 2015. The middle Eocene European "ratite" Palaeotis (
Aves, Palaeognathae) restudied once more. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 89: 503–514. doi: 10.1007/s12542-014-0248-y
Mayr, G. 2017. Avian Evolution: The Fossil Record of Birds and its Paleobiological Significance. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester. 306 pp.
Mayr, G. 2019. Hindlimb morphology of Palaeotis suggests palaeognathous affinities of the Geranoididae and other "crane-like" birds from the Eocene of the Northern Hemisphere. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64: 669–678. doi: 10.4202/app.00650.2019
Nesbitt, S.J. and J.A. Clarke. 2016. The anatomy and taxonomy of the exquisitely preserved Green River Formation (early Eocene) lithornithids (
Aves) and the relationships of Lithornithidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 406: 1–91.
Yonezawa, T., T. Segawa, H. Mori, P.F. Campos, Y. Hongoh, H. Endo, A. Akiyoshi, N. Kohno, S. Nishida, J. Wu, H. Jin, J. Adachi, H. Kishino, K. Kurokawa, Y. Nogi, H. Tanabe, H. Mukoyama, K. Yoshida, A. Rasoamiaramanana, S. Yamagishi, Y. Hayashi, A. Yoshida, H. Koike, F. Akishinonomiya, E. Willerslev, and M. Hasegawa. 2017. Phylogenomics and morphology of extinct paleognaths reveal the origin and evolution of the ratites. Current Biology 27: 68–77. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.10.029