English: holly order.
Botany: epiphyllous flowers.
Content: aluminium.
Botany: twining vines.
TaxonomyThis is a small order with 5 families and 3 genera. There is still much uncertainty about the families and members.
Cardiopteridaceae members were formerly in other families, especially included in
Icacinaceae.
Cardiopteridaceae is rather diverse in spite of having only six genera. Cardiopteris is soemtimes put in its own family, the other five genera placed in Leptaulaceae. Phyllonoma has been placed in
Grossulariaceae in the past. Helwingia has been connected with
Cornaceae.
SubphasesA possible connection to
Subphases is the following.
1.
Cardiopteridaceae: Cardiopteris, Citronella, Dendrobangia, Gonocaryum, Leptaulis, Peripterygium, Pseudobotrys.
2.
Stemonuraceae: Cantleya, Codiocarpus, Discophora, Gastrolepis, Gomphandra, Grisollea, Irvingbaileya, Lasianthera, Medusanthera, Stemonurus, Urandra.
4.
Aquifoliaceae: Ilex, Nemopanthus, Prinos.
5.
Phyllonomaceae: Phyllonoma.
6.
Helwingiaceae: Helwingia.