English: Flatfish.
Synonym: Heterosomata.
Clades:
Actinopterygii;
Hemichordata;
Deuterostomia;
Animals.
Genera: 800 species; 16 families.
Members: Flounders, Soles, Turbot, Plaice, Halibut.
Habitat: on the ocean floor.
Use: important food fish.
ZoologyRay-finned fish; demersal; they lie on their side, some on their sides, some on their right side, others face either side upward.
Form: eyes mostly lie on one side of the head
Color: some can camouflage themselves.
GeneraSuborder Pleuronectoidei
• Achiropsettidae: Achiropsetta, Mancopsetta, Neoachiropsetta, Pseudomancopsetta
• Bothidae: Arnoglossus, Asterorhombus, Bothus, Chascanopsetta, Crossorhombus, Engyophrys, Engyprosopon, Grammatobothus, Japonolaeops, Kamoharaia, Laeops, Lophonectes, Monolene, Neolaeops, Parabothus, Perissias, Psettina, Taeniopsetta, Tosarhombus, Trichopsetta Schol
• Citharidae: Brachypleura, Citharoides, Citharus, Lepidoblepharon
Paralichthyidae: Ancylopsetta, Cephalopsetta, Citharichthys, Cyclopsetta, Etropus, Gastropsetta, Hippoglossina, Paralichthys, Pseudorhombus, Syacium, Tarphops, Tephrinectes, Thysanopsetta, Xystreurys
Pleuronectidae: Ammotretis, Atheresthes, Azygopus, Cleisthenes, Clidoderma, Colisteum, Embassichthys, Eopsetta, Errex, Glyptocephalus, Hippoglossoides, Hippoglossus, Hypsopsetta, Isopsetta, Lepidopsetta, Limanda, Liopsetta, Lyopsetta, Microstomus, Paralichthodes, Parophrys, Pelotretis, Peltorhamphus, Platichthys, Pleuronectes, Pleuronichthys, Psettichthys, Pseudopleuronectes, Reinhardtius, Rhombosolea, Samaris, Verasper
• Poecilopsettidae: Marleyella, Nematops, Poecilopsetta
• Samaridae: Plagiopsetta, Samaris, Samariscus
• Scophthalmidae: Lepidorhombus, Phrynorhombus, Scophthalmus, Zeugopterus
Suborder Psettodoidei
• Psettodidae: Psettodes
Suborder Soleoidei
• Achiridae: Achiropsis, Achirus, Apionichthys, Catathyridium, Gymnachirus, Hypoclinemus, Pnictes, Soleonasus, Trinectes
• Cynoglossidae: Cynoglossinae, Symphurinae: Cynoglossus, Paraplagusia, Symphurus
• Soleidae: Achiroides, Achlyopa, Aesopia, Aseraggodes, Austroglossus, Bathysolea, Brachirus -Buglossidium, Coryphillus, Dagetichthys, Dicologlossa, Heteromycteris, Leptachirus, Liachirus, Microchirus, Monochirus, Parachirus, Pardachirus, Pegusa, Phyllichthys, Pseudaesopia, Rhinosolea, Solea, Soleichthys, Synaptura, Typhlachirus, Vanstraelenia, Zebrias
UnsureCentropomidae: Centropomus, Hypopterus, Lates, Psammoperca
Lactariidae: Lactarius
Leptobramidae: Leptobrama
Menidae: Mene
Polynemidae: Eleutheronema, Filimanus, Galeoides, Leptomelanosoma, Parapolynemus, Pentanemus, Polydactylus, Polynemus
Sphyraenidae: Sphyraena
Toxotidae: Toxotes